Little Green Bee-eaters
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The Little Green Bee-eater, Merops orientalis, is a near passerine bird in the bee-eater family Meropidae.
This species should not be confused with the Little Bee-eater, Merops pusillus.
Several subspecies are named:
- orientalis in India - nominate species
- cyanophrys found in Israel and the Arabian region
- beludschicus (=biludschicus) found in Iran to Pakistan (paler colours with a blue throat)
- ferrugeiceps (=birmanus) in Myanmar and Thailand
- ceylonicus in Sri Lanka often included within the nominate race
Distribution / Range
It is resident in a belt across sub-Saharan Africa from Senegal and The Gambia to Ethiopia, the Nile valley, western Arabia and Asia through India to Vietnam.
This is an abundant and fairly tame bird, familiar throughout its range. It is a bird which breeds in open country with bushes. In Africa and Arabia it is found in arid areas, but is more diverse in its habitats further east. This species often hunts from low perches, maybe only a metre or less high. It readily makes use of fence wires and electric wires. They are mostly see in the plains but can sometimes be found up to 5000 or 6000 feet in the Himalayas. They move seasonally but little is known. Migration is limited to seasonal movements depending on rainfall patterns.
These birds roost communally, lined up on a tree branch.
Description
This species, like other bee-eaters, is a richly coloured, slender bird. It always has green upper parts, but the head and underpart colours vary widely depending on the race. Thus, southeast Asian birds have rufous crown and face, and green underparts, whereas Arabian breeders have a green crown, blue face and bluish underparts. The wings are green and the beak is black. It reaches a length of 16-18 cm, including the two elongated central tail feathers. These elongated tail feathers are absent in juveniles. Sexes are alike.
Special Skill: A study showed that Little Green Bee-eaters are capable of putting themselves in the place of other animals. They were able to predict whether a predator at a particular location would be capable of spotting their nest entrance and behaving appropriately. The ability to look from another's point of view was usually believed to be possessed only by the primates.
Breeding / Nesting
The breeding season is from March to June.
Unlike most bee-eaters, these are often solitary nesters, making a tunnel in sandy banks. They nest in hollows in vertical mud banks. The nest tunnel that they construct can run as much as 5 feet long and the 3-5 eggs are laid on the bare ground in the cavity at the end of the tunnel. The breeding pairs are often joined by helpers.
They sometimes form small colonies, or nest near other bee-eaters. They lay 4 to 8 spherical and glossy white eggs. Both the male and the female take care of the eggs.
Calls / Vocalization
The call is a soft trill.
Diet / Feeding
Just as the name suggests, bee-eaters predominantly eat insects, especially bees, wasps and ants, which are caught in the air by sorties from an open perch. They can sometimes be nuisance to bee-keepers.
: Species Information and PhotosThe preferred prey was mostly beetles followed by hymenopterans. Orthopterans appear to be avoided. They are sometimes known to take crabs. Like many other birds they regurgitate the hard parts of their prey as pellets
This species often hunts from low perches, maybe only a metre or less high. They readily make use of fence wires and electric wires. Before eating its meal, a bee-eater removes the sting by repeatedly hitting the insect on a hard surface.
Copyright: Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from Wikipedia.org
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